Prunus maritima Beach Plum

General

A dense shrub that grows mainly in sandy soils near the coast. The fruits are about the size of a quarter and an attractive deep purple; they can be eaten by humans and are a bit sour but enjoyable straight off the plant. Care should be taken to not consume the seeds or foliage, as they are toxic to humans and other mammals.

Plant Description

Beach plum grows 10 to 12’ in height. In spring, large clusters of small white flowers cover the plant. Large, brilliant dark purple drupes. Entire, green shiny ovate leaves. Dark brown, almost purple bark. In fall, leaves turn red, orange, or brown.

Height (ft)
10-12

Soil moisture
Medium

Soil types
Sandy or Gravelly

Wetland indicator
UPL

Shade tolerance
Intolerant

Bloom color
White

Bloom period
Spring

Fall conspicuous
Yes

Anaerobic tolerance
Medium

Drought tolerance
High

Salinity tolerance
Low

Self-Pollinating?
Yes

Range

Coast in the Northeastern United States, from southern Maine down to Delaware.

Kartesz, J.T. 2024. Floristic Synthesis of North America, Version 1.0. Biota of North America Program (BONAP) [website http://bonap.org/]

Additional Information

According to USDA NRCS, Native Americans and early settlers would eat the plums in late summer. The pit however is extremely poisonous as it contains hydrocyanic acid (cyanide). It was used and still to this day is used to make preserves and "syllabub" which is a foamy alcoholic drink.