Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Bearberry, Kinnikinnick
General
This species is a substrate-stabilizer that is often found in dune and understory environments. It is an excellent ground cover species, with attractive berries, flowers, and evergreen leaves. The fruit are an important food source to many types of wildlife. The flowers are attractive to native bees, butterflies, and moths.
Plant Description
Trailing, evergreen shrub, usually not more than 6 inches in height. Leaves are simple, alternate, and glabrous. Bell-shaped flowers range in color from white to purple. Fruits are bright to deep red drupes.
Height (ft)
0.5
Soil moisture
Low
Soil types
Coarse to Medium
Wetland indicator
UPL
Shade tolerance
Intermediate
Bloom color
White, Pink, Purple
Bloom period
May to June, occasionally October to November
Fall conspicuous
Yes
Anaerobic tolerance
None
Drought tolerance
High
Salinity tolerance
Medium
Self Pollinating?
Yes
Range
North from Maine to Alaska, south to Southern California, New Mexico, and Arizona. Not found in southeastern and southcentral United States.
Kartesz, J.T. 2024. Floristic Synthesis of North America, Version 1.0. Biota of North America Program (BONAP) [website http://bonap.org/]
Additional Information
According to BRIT - Native American Ethnobotany Database, an infusion of the plant is mixed with grease and other animal materials used as a salve. The crushed leaves have been used in tea and berries eaten raw or in cooking. The crushed leaves also smoked as or with tobacco. A decoction of the leaves used for sprained backs.