Schoenoplectus acutus Hard-Stem Bulrush, Tule

General

Common in freshwater marshes throughout North America. This bulrush does very well in the shallows of ponds, rivers, ditches, and lakes. It can spread rhizomatically, and is often used in erosion control projects. Hard-Stem Bulrush was historically used by a number of Native American groups, its stiff, rounded stem lending itself well to the creation of everything from baskets to boats. In some parts of the country, it is an important nesting component for Egrets and Herons. Slightly resembles a larger version of chives.

Plant Description

Hard-Stem Bulrush will often form colonies, and is commonly found growing in up to 5' of water. Round, stiff stems grow up to nine feet tall.  A branching cluster of spikes flower at the end of the central stems. Usually three or four lance-shaped leaves grow from the base.

Height (ft)
3-9'

Soil moisture
Wet

Soil types
Variable

Wetland indicator
OBL

Shade tolerance
Intolerant

Bloom color
Green

Bloom period
Spring

Drought tolerance
Medium

Salinity tolerance
Low

 

Range

Throughout the continental United States, excluding the Southeast region.

Kartesz, J.T. 2024. Floristic Synthesis of North America, Version 1.0. Biota of North America Program (BONAP) [website http://bonap.org/]

Additional Information

According to BRIT - Native American Ethnobotany Database, this species has been used by many tribes as either food or used to weave baskets, mattresses and more. The inner stems were eaten raw. This species was also used to make mats, hats, baskets or to build housing.